Distributing mechanism for steam or other fluid-pressure engines.



No. 660,4!2. Patented Oct. 23', 1900. c. Boruoun. DISTRIBUTINQ MECHANISMFOR STEAM OR OTHER FLUID PRESSURE ENGINES.

(Applieatiqn filed Ailg. 5, 1899.)

6 SheetsSheet I.

(No Modal.)

\NvENToR 41 M w? WWW 0 0 w 3 2 .L c 0 d e n e a P R U 0 J N 0 B C W U 66 0 N DISTRIBUTING MECHANISM FOR STEAM 0R; QIHER FLUID PRESSURE ENGINES.

WWNEssss INVENTOR M THE Ncmys PETERS co, PNOTO-LITHOU WASNINGTON. D. c.

'No. 660,4!2. Patented Oct. 23, I900. C. BUNJUUR.

DISTRIBUTING MECHANISM FOR STEAM OR OTHER FLUID PRESSURE ENGINES.

(Application filed Aug. 5, 1899.) (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 3.-

WFFNEsSES INYENT'OK M M fiwfim m: ncnms swans cu, mom-mun" wsumu'roN, n.c.

N0. 660,4l2. T Patented Oct. 23, I900.

' C. BONJOUR. v DISTRIBUTING MECHANISM FOR STEAM OR OTHER FLUID PRESSUREENGINES.

(Application filed Aug. 6, 1899.) (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4. I

WITNESSES I INYENTQ R ms NORRIS PETERS cu. mmouwou WASNINGTDN, n cyPatented on. 23, I900.

Nu. 660,4l2. I

.- c. BONJOUR.

DISTRIBUTING MECHANISM FOR STEAM OR OTHER FLUID PRESSURE ENGINES.

(Application filed Aug; 5, 1899.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

wrmgss? ammo, wmmsmm 0. c4

N0. 660,4I2. P-at ented Oct. 23, I900. c. smuoun.

DISTRIBUTING MECHANISM FOR STEAM OR OTHER FLUID PBESSURE ENGINES.

(Application filed Aug. 5', 1899.)

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

w \TNESSES M 'CQIOEAYILNTOR\ UNITED STATES 7 PATENT ()FFICE.

CLAUDE BONJOUR, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

DISTRIBUTING MECHANlSM FOR STEAM OR OTHER FLUID-PRESSURE ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 660,412, dated October23, 1900.

Application filed August 5, 1899. Serial No. 726,314. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that-l, CLAUDE BONJOUR, a citizen of the Republic of France,residing in Paris, France, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in and Relating to the Distributing Mechanism for Steam orother Fluid-Pressure Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a mechanism havin g unified differentialmovements intended for the actuation of distributing parts of anykinds-such as slide valves, pistonvalves, valves, obturators, &c.andwhich is applicable to any motor operated by means of fluids underpressure Whatever may be its type or system. This mechanism isrepresented in the accompanying drawings, in Which Figure 1 shows themechanism in question as a whole applied to the actuation ofthe'distributing mechanism of a vertical steam-engine. Figs. 2, 3 and 4are respectively a front elevation, a side elevation, and a plan view,of the mechanism considered separately. Fig. 5 is a diagram of themovements of the various parts of the distributing mechanism. Fig. 6 isa diagram showing the periods during which the distributing mechanism isopen. Fig. '7 shows a modification of the distributing mechanism and itsapplication to a horizontal steam-engine. Fig. 8 is a section taken onthe line A B of ;Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a diagram relating to themodification shown in Figs. 7 and 8. Figs. 10 and llrepresent a furthermodification of the distributing mechanism. Figs. 12 and 13 representanother modification of the distributing mechanism. Figs. 14, 15, and 16represent a still further modification of the distributing mechanism andits application to a horizontal steamen gine. Figs. 17 and 18 representstill another modification of which the distributing mechanism iscapable.

The distributing mechanism represented connected with the driving-shaft,is connected with a governor which regulates its angle of attachment, asin the case of all distributing mechanisms.

The lever Ct oscillates upon an axis g, situated at a fixedpoint of theframework of the machine. The lever b oscillates uponan axis h, which isrigidly connected with the lever a.

The extremity t' of the lever b is connected, by means of a pin and aslide-block, to a slide- Wayj, to which it transmits a reciprocatingmovement, as is hereinafter explained. This slidewayj is provided withan axis, enabling its rotation around the point is, situated at theextremity of the lever a. Upon the axis of oscillation 7c of thisslideway j is keyed a crank Z, which by means of its stud andslideblockm actuates another slideway n, to

I which an angular reciprocating motion is also imparted, such motionbeing around the point 0, situated upon a lever 19, parallel with thelever a, with which it isrigidly connected. It is also this latterslideway n which, by means of the axis (1 rigidly connected therewith,a'tuates the traction-rod "r of the distributing parts.

Referring to the diagram shown in Fig.5, the paths described by thevarious parts of the distributing mechanism above described may readilybe followed. The pivot c of the bar 6 of the distributioneccentricdescribes the are 0 0 The pivot dof the barfof the expansion-eccentricdescribes the path represented by the curve 01, while the extremity 1 ofthe lever 19 describes the path represented by the curve 1 Owing to thecombination of the angular movements transmitted by the two eccentricsto their respective levers a and b the pin m of the crank Z, keyed uponthe axis of oscillation is of the slidewayj, describes a pathrepresented by the curve m. It follows from the combination of themovements as a whole that the pin q, forming a rigid whole with theslideway n, describes a path represented by the curve 1. This specialcurve, becoming modified in proportionas the governor alters the angleof fixing of the expansion-eccentric, enables distributing parts of anykind to be actuated by means of'the pin q, as indicated by theregulating-curves represented in Fig. 6. The mechanism in question,which consists in the interposition and combination of the slideways andn,

thus enables extremelyaccentuated periods of retardation and alsoperiods of acceleration to be obtained regarding the movements of thepin q. The periods of retardation serve, by reducing the action of theexpansion-eccentric during a considerable angle of the travel of thecrank, to allow that of the distribution-eccentric to preponderate andby this fact to insure the independence between its movement and that ofthe expansion-eccentric. 'The periods of acceleration, on the contrary,serve to increase the intensity of the action of the expansion-eccentricin proportion to that of the distribnting-eccentt'ir, this intensity ofaction taking place during a very small angle of the travel of thecrank. The periods of retardation coincide with those of the opening ofthe orifices by the distributer or distributers and the periods ofacceleration with those of the closing of the said orifices. It willthus be readily understood that the combination of the movement as awhole serves to effect the rapid closing of the admission-orifices andto maintain between zero and sixty-five per cent. of the stroke of thepiston constant advances and compressions, as will be seen from anexamination of the regulation-curves represented in Fig. 6. In thisdiagram the different elements of the slide-valve and the ports arerepresented by the numbered horizontal lines, while the vertical dottedlines 5 10 2O 30, &c., represent the dilferent fractions of the strokeof the piston, and, all the elements of the distribution being thuscombined, the curved lines 0 5 10 2O 30, &c. show clearly the phases ofthat distribution with reference to the difier'ent positions of theangle of connection of the expansion-eccentric with the shaft under thecontrol of the governor.

It should be understood that the distributing mechanism above describedis capable of numerous modifications which do not in any way change itsmethod of action, the said mechanism consisting of two movements connected together and yet independent, one of them taking place atinvariable periods with respect to the position of the driving-crank andthe other, on the other hand, at periods which are variable either atwill or under the influence of the governor, the two movements beingconnected by means of any suitable unification mechanism which willproduce for the actuation of distributing parts of any kind curvessimilar to those represented in Fig. 6, Whatever may be the mechanicalcombinations employed to obtain this effect.

The variability above referred to can be obtained either by somemechanism changing the angle of connection of the expansioneccentricwith the shaft or by any other suitable means. An important feature ofmy invention is the interposition in the unifying mechanism of a systemof slides, simple or compound, with toothed sectors or any othersuitable mechanism for modifying the initial movement of the expansionmechanism, di-

.ing mechanism.

viding it into successive periods of retarda tion and acceleration.Figs. 7 and 8 show in this connection a modification of the distribut-In this modification the levers a and b are retained, and they arearranged in exactly the same manner as that above indicated, beingconnected with the bars 6 and f, respectively. The difference consistsin the fact that the mechanism comprises only one slideway, theslidewayj, pivoted at k upon the lever a, and of which the pivot isprovidedwith the crank Z, w hich directly actnates the distributingslide-valve by means of the driving-rod 7'. Nevertheless, in order tostill further improve the results obtained by the employment of thedistributing mechanism instead of directly actuating the slide-valve bymeans of the said mechanism there may be interposed between these tWoparts a second mechanism upon the same principle comprising periods ofretardation and acceleration and serving to reduce the total travel ofthe slide-valve, while at the same time increasing the openings of theorifices for small admissions. This mechanism consists of two specialslideways s and t, the slide-blocks of which are rigidly connected, andthus couple the said slideways. One of these slideways, s, is connectedwith the unification mechanism, while the other, i, transmit's itsmovement to the slide-valve either by means of its axis of oscillation aor by means of a connecting-rod of any suitable kind, having regard tothe machine as a whole and to the applications for which it is intended.

The law of the variations of the angular movements and also that of theperiods of repose of the said mechanism is illustrated by the diagramrepresented in Fig. 9. In this diagram the lever s, oscillating on acenter 10, is actuated by the bar 0' and in turn actuates, throughslides, as described, a second lever t, oscillating on the center a, andthis second lever actuates the slide-valve either at the center ofoscillation or by the aid of a rod 11, pivoted to the lever i at 12. Itwill be seen from this diagram that by the combination of the twoslide-levers the slidevalve will be subjected to a progressiveretardation, reaching its maximum at the middle of the stroke. Then whenthe lever 11 reaches the end of its movement it has a moment ofstoppage, while allowing the lever .5-

to continue its movement. Then the reverse movement takes place and theparts continue symmetrically their movements in the opposite direction.

If the said mechanism is intended to actuate a fixed expansiondistribution, it may be greatly simplified. In this case the crank Z,actuating the slide valve, is not provided with a slidew'ay, but its pinm is rigidly fixed and then directly attacks the slide-block and theslideway .9, connected With the unification mechanism.

In the modification represented in Figs. 10"

and 11 there are also retained the lever a, oscillating at g andconnect-ed at c to the bar 6 of the eccentric, and also the lever b,oscillating at h upon the lever a and connected at d to the bar fof theeccentric. The extremity t' of the lever b is also connected, by meansof a pin and a slide-block, to the slideway j, oscillating at upon thelever a, with this difference that the said slidewayj is combined with atoothed sector it in engagement with a pinion 12, mounted loosely uponthe axis of oscillation h, and provided with a crank-pin to, acting uponthe distributer by means of the connecting-rod 1'.

In the modification represented in Figs. 12 and 13 the lever b,oscillating at it upon the lever C6, is itself provided with the toothedsector a in engagement with the pinion o, the axis of which, situated atit upon the lever a, is provided with a crank 06, the pin of whichengages in a slideway y, oscillating at 0 upon the lever a, and uponwhich is adjusted the connecting-rod r, serving to actuate thedistributer. :0

Figs. 14, 15, and 16 represent another modification, in which the levera is omitted, while the lever Z), connected at d with the barf of theexpansion-eccentric, is arranged so as to oscillate upon a fixed axis.2. At 01 the lever is provided with a spindle engaged in a slideway 1,oscillating upon a fixed axis 2 and itself connected by means of aslideblock to a second slideway 3, oscillating upon the fixed shaft 2and connected by means of its arm 4 with a connecting-rod 5, attached toa lever 6, rigidly connected with the rod 7 of the slide-valve. There isimparted to this slide-valve a reciprocating rectilinear movement, whichis transmitted to it by the bar c of the distributing-eccentric. Here itis circular, and its admission edges terminate in a helicoidal sectioncorresponding with that of the admission -orifices. Theexpansion-eccentric f instead of acting upon the said slide-valve bymodifying, as in the previous case, its reciprocating movement impartsto it, on the contrary, an angular movement, as will be understood fromthe action of the parts described, the object of which is to effect therapid closing of the admission-orifices.

In thelast modification represented in Figs. 1'7 and 18 the two leversCt and b are retained, the lever a oscillating upon a fixed point g andbeing connected at c to the bar c of the distributing-eccentric, whilethe other lever b oscillates at the extremity of the lever 0t and isconnected at d to the barfof the ex pansion-eccentric. The extremity 2'of this lever 17 is in this case directly connected with the rod r,serving to actuate the distributer. The difference consists in this casein the fact that the expansion-eccentric, properly so called, isreplaced by a plate 8, grooved upon its two faces in accordance with aneccentric curve. The free extremity of the bar f is forked and embracesthe edge of the said plate. .This fork is provided with rollers en-'gaged in the grooves of the said plate. In addition to this it ismaintained by means of a lever 9, oscillating around a fixed point;

Underthe influence of the rotation of the ec-- centrically-grooved plate8 the barf modifies the relative position .of the levers a and b,

and consequently modifies the periods of the tion of admission may bevaried, while keeping the advances and compressions constant, allsubstantially as described.

2. The combination of the valve of a steam or other motor with adriving-shaft and two eccentrics, one having a fixed relation to thesaid shaft and the other adjustable as to its angle of connection, meansconnecting each eccentric with the valve and unification mechanismcoupling said two connecting means together, as and for the purposedescribed.

3. The combination of the valve of a steam or other motor with adriving-shaft, two eccentrics thereon, one fixed and the otheradjustable as to its angle of connection, means connecting eacheccentric with the valve and unification mechanism coupling said twoconnecting means together, as and for the purpose described.

4. The combination of the valve of a steam or other motor with adriving-shaft and two eccentrics one having a fixed relation to the saidshaft and the other variable as to angle of connection and slidewayconnections between the eccentrics and the valves, as and for thepurpose described.

5. The combination of the valve of a steam or other motor with adriving-shaft and two eccentrics, one having an invariable and the othera variable connection with the shaft, two levers, one oscillating upon afixed center and connected with the said invariable eccentric, while theother lever is pivoted to the first one and connected with the variableeccentric and a slideway and a crank operated by said levers andcontrolling the valve, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. The combination of the valve of a steam or other motor with adriving-shaft and two eccentrics one having an invariable and the othera variable connection with the shaft,

two levers one oscillating upon a fixedcenter In testimony whereof ihave signed my and connected with said invariable eccentric, name tothis specification in the presence of while the other lever is pivotedto the first two subscribing Witnesses.

one, and connected with the variable eccen- CLAUDE BONJOUR. 5 trio andtwo slides and a crank operated by Witnesses:

said levers and controlling the valve, all sub- LEON FRANCKEN,

stantially as described. EDWARD P. MACLEAN.

